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Dzimwe imbwa dzinotora mishonga yekudzivirira tupukanana pasina dambudziko, nepo dzimwe dzichikurakurutsa uye manyokaUnogona kupa imbwa yako mushonga wekuderedza marwadzo zvichienderana nehuremu hwayo, asi hazvina zvazvinobatsira kana kuti zvinosiya chipfuwo chako chine simba. — Izvi zvingangodaro zvine chekuita neJini risingakwanise kushandiswa nemishonga yakawanda (MDR1)mumuviri wembwa.
"Mutongi asingaoneki" uyu wekushandiswa kwemishonga ane kiyi yekuchengetedza mishonga yezvipfuyo, uyeKuongororwa kweMDR1 gene nucleic acidndiyo nzira yakakosha yekuvhura kodhi iyi.
Nhamba 1
Kiyi Yekuchengetedza Mishonga: Gene reMDR1
Kuti tinzwisise kukosha kwejini reMDR1, tinofanira kutanga taziva "basa rayo guru" - kushanda semushandi wekutakura metabolism yemishonga. Jini reMDR1 rinotungamira kugadzirwa kwechinhu chinonzi P-glycoprotein, icho chinonyanya kupararira pamusoro pemasero muura, chiropa, neitsvo. Rinoshanda senzvimbo yakatsaurirwa yekutakura mishonga:
Mushure mekunge imbwa yanwa mushonga, P-glycoprotein inoburitsa mishonga yakawandisa mumasero uye inoiburitsa kuburikidza netsvina kana weti, ichidzivirira kuungana kwemuviri kunokuvadza. Inodzivirirawo nhengo dzinokosha dzakadai seuropi nemapfupa nekudzivirira kupinda kwemishonga zvakanyanya izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukuvara.
Zvisinei, kana jini reMDR1 rikachinja, "mushandi wekutakura" uyu anotanga kusashanda zvakanaka. Anogona kuita basa rakawandisa, achiburitsa mishonga nekukurumidza uye zvichikonzera kusakwana kwehuwandu hweropa, zvichideredza kushanda kwemishonga zvakanyanya. Kana kuti anogona kunge asina simba rekushanda, achitadza kubvisa mishonga nenguva, zvichiita kuti mishonga iungane uye zvichikonzera migumisiro yakaipa yakadai sekurutsa kana kukuvara kwechiropa neitsvo.— Ndosaka imbwa dzichigona kupindura zvakasiyana-siyana kumushonga mumwe chete.
Zvinotonyanya kunetsandeyekuti MDR1 abnormalities inoshanda se "zvimbambaira" zvakavanzika - kazhinji hazvionekwe kusvika mishonga yakonzera njodzi. Semuenzaniso, dzimwe imbwa dzinoberekwa dzine majini eMDR1 asina kunaka, uye mishonga yakajairika yekurwisa tupukanana (yakadai se ivermectin) inogona kukonzera ataxia kana coma kana ikapihwa pazera diki. Dzimwe imbwa dzine MDR1 function yakawandisa dzinogona kusanzwa kurwadziwa kubva kuopioid kunyangwe kana dzakapinzwa nehukuru chaihwo. Matambudziko aya haasi ekuti "mishonga yakaipa" kana kuti "imbwa dzisingashande pamwe chete," asi kuti anokonzerwa ne "genetics".
Mukurapa, mhuka zhinji dzinotambura nekutadza kushanda zvakanaka kweitsvo kana kukuvara kwetsinga mushure mekutora mishonga isina kuongororwa MDR1 kare - izvo zvinotungamira kwete chete pamitengo yakakwira yekurapwa asiwo kutambura kusingakoshi kumhuka.
Nhamba 2
Kuongororwa Kwemajini Kudzivirira Njodzi Dzemishonga
Kuongororwa kwe nucleic acid yembwa inonzi MDR1 gene ndiyo kiyi yekunzwisisa "mamiriro ebasa" emutakuri uyu pachine nguva. Kusiyana nekuongororwa kweropa kwechinyakare - kunoda kudzokororwa kweropa mushure mekushandisa mishonga - nzira iyi inoongorora zvakananga gene reMDR1 rembwa kuti ione kana paine shanduko uye kuti ndeapi marudzi adzo.
Pfungwa yacho iri nyore uye yakafanana nekuyedzwa kwemajini ekudzivirira chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi malignant hyperthermia, ine matanho matatu makuru:
1. Kuunganidzwa kweMienzaniso:
Nekuti jini reMDR1 riripo mumasero ese, ropa diki chete kana kuti swab yemuromo ndiyo inodiwa.
2. Kubviswa kweDNA:
Rabhoritari inoshandisa ma reagents akakosha kuti ibvise DNA yembwa kubva mumuenzaniso, ichibvisa mapuroteni nezvimwe tsvina kuti iwane template yakachena yemajini.
3. Kuwedzerwa kwePCR uye Kuongorora:
Uchishandisa ma probe chaiwo akagadzirirwa nzvimbo dzakakosha dzekuchinja kweMDR1 (dzakadai semutation yembwa nt230[del4]), PCR inowedzera chidimbu chemajini chakanangana nacho. Chishandiso ichi chinobva chaona masaini echiedza kubva ku probe kuti chione mamiriro ekuchinja kwemasero uye mashandiro azvo.
Maitiro ese anotora anenge awa imwe kusvika matatu. Mhedzisiro yacho inopa gwara rakananga kune vanachiremba vemhuka, zvichibvumira sarudzo dzemishonga dzakachengeteka uye dzakanyatsojeka pane kuvimba nekuedza-uye-kukanganisa.
Nhamba 3
Kusiyana Kwemajini, Kuchengetedzwa Kwemishonga Yakawanikwa
Varidzi vezvipfuyo vanogona kushamisika kuti: Kusakwana kweMDR1 kunoberekwa here kana kuti kunotorwa?
Pane zvinhu zviviri zvikuru, chikuru chiri majini:
Hunhu hweMajini Hwakanangana neRudzi
Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinonyanya kuitika. Mwero wekushanduka kwemhuka unosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nemarudzi emhuka:
- Makororo(kusanganisira Shetland Sheepdogs neBorder Collies) dzine mwero wekuchinja kwemhando ye nt230[del4] — inenge 70% yemhando yeCollies ine dambudziko iri.
- Vafudzi veAustraliauyeImbwa dzemakwai dzekare dzeChirunguinoratidzawo mitengo yakakwira.
- Mhando dzakadai seChihuahuauyeMapuruvane mwero wekuchinja kwemasero wakaderera.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe imbwa isati yambotora mushonga, mhando dzembwa dzine njodzi huru dzinogona kunge dzichiri nechirwere ichi.
Mishonga uye Kupesvedzera Kwezvakatipoteredza
Kunyange zvazvo jini reMDR1 pacharo riri rekuzvarwa naro, kushandiswa kwenguva refu kana zvakanyanya kwemishonga mimwe kunogona "kumutsa" kuratidzwa kwemajini kusina kujairika.
Kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwezvimwe zvinhumishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya(semuenzaniso, tetracyclines) kanamishonga inodzvinyirira immune systemzvinogona kukonzera MDR1 kushanda zvakanyanya, zvichitevedzera kusakwanisa kurapwa nemishonga kunyangwe pasina shanduko chaiyo.
Mamwe makemikari ezvakatipoteredza (akadai sezvinhu zvinowedzerwa muzvigadzirwa zvemhuka zvisina kunaka) anogonawo kukanganisa kusagadzikana kwemajini.
Jini reMDR1 rinokanganisa mishonga yakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mishonga inorwisa tupukanana, mishonga inonyaradza marwadzo, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, mishonga yechemotherapy, uye mishonga inorwisa pfari. Semuenzaniso:
Collie ine chirwere ichi inogona kukuvadzwa zvakanyanya neuropi kunyangwe ichibva muhuwandu hushoma hweivermectin.
Imbwa dzine MDR1 inokurumidza kushanda dzinogona kuda mishonga inouraya fungus yakagadziriswa yezvirwere zveganda kuti ishande zvakanaka.
Ndosaka vanachiremba vemhuka vachinyanya kusimbisa kuongororwa kweMDR1 vasati vapa mishonga kumarudzi ane njodzi huru.
Kune varidzi vezvipfuyo, kuongororwa kweMDR1 nucleic acid kunopa dziviriro mbiri yekuchengetedzwa kwemishonga:
Kuedza mhando dzemhuka dzine njodzi huru nekukurumidza (semuenzaniso, Collies) kunoratidza kuti mishonga haibvumirwi muhupenyu hwese uye kunodzivirira chepfu netsaona.
Imbwa dzinoda mishonga yenguva refu (senge yekurwadziwa kusingaperi kana pfari) dzinogona kugadziriswa zviyero nemazvo.
Kuedza kununura imbwa kana imbwa dzemhando dzakasiyana kunobvisa kusava nechokwadi nezvenjodzi dzemajini.
Inonyanya kukosha kune imbwa dzakura kana avo vane zvirwere zvisingaperi, avo vanowanzoda mishonga.
Nhamba 4
Kuziva Pamberi Kunoreva Dziviriro Iri Nani
Zvichibva pamhedzisiro yebvunzo, heano mazano matatu ekuchengetedza mishonga:
Mhando dzemhuka dzine njodzi huru dzinofanira kukoshesa kuongororwa.
Mhando dzemhuka dzinonzi Collies, Australian Shepherds, nedzimwe mhando dzakafanana nadzo dzinofanira kupedzisa kuongororwa kweMDR1 dzisati dzasvitsa mwedzi mitatu uye kuchengetedza zvabuda mugwaro radzo kuna chiremba wemhuka.
Gara uchibvunza chiremba wemhuka nezve "kuenderana kwemajini" usati wapa mushonga.
Izvi zvakakosha pamishonga ine njodzi huru yakadai semishonga yekurwisa tupukanana uye mishonga inoderedza marwadzo. Kunyangwe kana rudzi rwembwa yako rusiri rwenjodzi huru, nhoroondo yemigumisiro yakaipa zvinoreva kuti kuongororwa kwemajini kunofanirwa kufungwa nezvako.
Dzivisa kuzvirapa nemishonga yakasiyana-siyana.
Mishonga yakasiyana inogona kukwikwidzana nenzira dzekutakura P-glycoprotein. Kunyangwe majini eMDR1 akajairwa anogona kukundwa, zvichikonzera kusawirirana kwemetabolism uye kuwedzera njodzi dzechepfu.
Njodzi yekuchinja kweMDR1 iri mukusaonekwa kwayo - yakavanzwa mukati memajini, isingaratidze zviratidzo kusvika mushonga wangoerekana wakonzera dambudziko.
Kuongororwa kweMDR1 nucleic acid kunoshanda semuchina wekuongorora mamineti chaiwo, zvichitibatsira kunzwisisa hunhu hwembwa pakushandisa mishonga. Nekudzidza mashandiro ayo uye maitiro ayo ekugara nhaka, kuongorora nekukurumidza, uye kushandisa mishonga zvine hungwaru, tinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti kana mhuka dzedu dzichida kurapwa, dzinowana rubatsiro runoshanda dzichidzivirira njodzi dzemishonga - kuchengetedza hutano hwadzo nenzira ine hungwaru.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-20-2025
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