Nhau dzeZvipfuyo: Kufambira mberi mukutsvaga nezvefuruwenza yeshiri

Nhau 01

Kuonekwa kwekutanga kweH4N6 subtype ye avian influenza virus mumadhadha e mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) muIsrael

Avishai Lublin，Nikki Thie，Irina Shkoda，Luba Simanov，Gila Kahila Bar-Gal，Yigal Farnoushi，Roni King，Wayne M Getz，Pauline L Kamath，Rauri CK Bowie，Ran Nathan

PMID:35687561;DOI：10.1111/tbed.14610

Utachiona hweAvian Furuwenza (AIV) hune njodzi huru kuhutano hwemhuka nevanhu pasi rose. Sezvo shiri dzemusango dzichiparadzira AIV pasi rose, kuongorora kuwanda kweAIV mumapoka emhuka dzesango kwakakosha kuti tinzwisise kutapurirana kwehutachiona uye kufanotaura kubuda kwezvirwere mumhuka dzemumba nevanhu. Muchidzidzo ichi, H4N6 subtype AIV yakatorwa kekutanga kubva muzvimedu zvetsvina zvemadhadha emusango (Anas platyrhynchos) muIsrael. Mhedzisiro yephylogenetic yemajini eHA neNA inoratidza kuti rudzi urwu rwakabatana zvakanyanya nemarudzi eEurope neAsia. Sezvo Israel iri munzira yekufamba yeMiddle Arctic-Africa, zvinofungidzirwa kuti rudzi urwu rungangodaro rwakaunzwa neshiri dzinotama. Kuongorora kwephylogenetic kwemajini emukati eisolate (PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M neNS) kwakaratidza huwandu hwakawanda hwehukama hwephylogenetic nemamwe marudzi eAIV, zvichiratidza kuti chiitiko chekare che recombination chakaitika mune iyi isolate. Rudzi urwu rweH4N6 rweAIV rune mukana wepamusoro wekusanganazve, runogona kutapurira nguruve dzine hutano uye kusunga ma receptors evanhu, uye runogona kukonzera chirwere che zoonotic mune ramangwana.

Nhau 02

Pfupiso yefuruwenza yeshiri muEU, Kurume-Chikumi 2022

European Food Safety Authority, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, European Union Reference Laboratory yeAvian Influenza

PMID：35949938；PMCID：PMC9356771；DOI：10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7415

Muna 2021-2022, furuwenza yeshiri inokonzera hutachiona hwakanyanya (HPAI) ndiyo yaive denda rakakomba muEurope, nekuputika kweshiri 2,398 munyika 36 dzemuEurope zvikaita kuti shiri mamiriyoni 46 dziurayiwe. Pakati pa16 Kurume na10 Chikumi 2022, huwandu hwenyika 28 dzeEU/EEA neUK 1 182 mhando dzehutachiona hweshiri inokonzera hutachiona hwakanyanya (HPAIV) dzakaparadzaniswa kubva kuhuku (750 nyaya), mhuka dzesango (410 nyaya) neshiri dzakavharirwa (22 nyaya). Munguva iri kutariswa, 86% yekupararira kwehuku kwakakonzerwa nekupararira kweHPAIV, France ichive ne68% yekupararira kwehuku, Hungary ye24% uye dzimwe nyika dzakabatwa nehutachiona isingasviki 2% imwe neimwe. Germany yaive nehuwandu hwakawanda hwekupararira kweshiri dzesango (158 nyaya), ichiteverwa neNetherlands (98 nyaya) neUK (48 nyaya).

Zvakabuda muongororo yemajini zvinoratidza kuti HPAIV iri kupararira muEurope parizvino inonyanya kuwanikwa mu spectrum 2.3.4 b. Kubva pamushumo wekupedzisira, hutachiona huna hweH5N6, huviri hweH9N2 uye huviri hweH3N8 hwakataurwa muChina uye hutachiona humwe hweH5N1 hwakataurwa muUSA. Njodzi yekutapukirwa yakaongororwa seyakaderera kuvanhu vose uye yakaderera kusvika pakati nepakati kuvanhu vakasangana nematambudziko ebasa muEU/EEA.

 Nhau 03

Kuchinja-chinja kwemajini eHA pazvikamu 127, 183 uye 212

Kurwisa hutachiona hweH9N2 avian influenza, kuberekana uye hutachiona hwehutachiona hweH9N2

Menglu Fan，Bing Liang，Yongzhen Zhao，Yaping Zhang，Qingzheng Liu，Miao Tian，Yiqing Zheng，Huizhi Xia，Yasuo Suzuki，Hualan Chen，Jihui Ping

PMID:34724348;DOI：10.1111/tbed.14363;

Rudzi rweH9N2 rwevhairasi yefuruwenza yeshiri (AIV) nderimwe remarudzi makuru anokanganisa hutano hweindasitiri yehuku. Muchidzidzo ichi, marudzi maviri erudzi rweH9N2 AIV ane nhoroondo yakafanana yemajini asi antigenity yakasiyana, anonzi A/huku/Jiangsu/75/2018 (JS/75) uye A/huku/Jiangsu/76/2018 (JS/76), akaparadzaniswa kubva kupurazi rehuku. Ongororo yekutevera yakaratidza kuti JS/75 neJS/76 zvakasiyana mumaamino acid residues matatu (127, 183 na212) ehaemagglutinin (HA). Kuti tiongorore mutsauko uripo pakati peJS/75 neJS/76, mavhairasi matanhatu akagadzirwa achishandisa nzira ye reverse genetic neA/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8) sechain huru. Ruzivo kubva mukuongororwa kwekurwiswa kwehuku uye bvunzo dzeHI rwakaratidza kuti r-76/PR8 yakaratidza kubuda kwakanyanya kweantigen nekuda kwekuchinja kweamino acid panzvimbo 127 ne183 muHA gene. Zvidzidzo zvakaenderera mberi zvakasimbisa kuti glycosylation panzvimbo ye127N yakaitika muJS/76 uye mumatant ayo. Kuongororwa kweReceptor binding kwakaratidza kuti mavhairasi ese e recombinant, kunze kwe127N glycosylation-deficient mutant, anokurumidza kusungirirwa kuma humanoid receptors. Growth kinetics uye mbeva assays zvakaratidza kuti 127N-glycosylated virus haina kudzokororwa zvakanyanya mumasero eA549 uye haina hutachiona hwakawanda mumakonzo zvichienzaniswa newild-type virus. Saka, glycosylation uye amino acid mutations muHA gene ndizvo zvinokonzera mutsauko muantigenicity uye pathogenicity yemhando mbiri dzeH9N2.

Kwakabva: China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center